Crime scene is the place where a crime occurs and where forensic evidence is located. This evidence may include blood, fingerprints, clothing and even DNA. Forensic experts examine the crime scene to determine what happened and to connect the dots between victims, witnesses, and suspects. They also analyze crime scenes to prove or disprove a suspected criminal’s alibi.
An effective crime scene investigation is a complex and time-consuming process. Despite what Hollywood shows, it is not easy to gather and preserve evidence that will stand up in court. In fact, many cases have been thrown out of court because the proper procedures were not followed. This infographic from Hilbert College Global, a leading provider of accredited online Bachelor’s degrees, takes a look at what goes into effectively processing a crime scene.
1. Documentation
The first officer at a crime scene is in charge of thoroughly documenting the appearance and condition of the scene upon arrival. This includes a written description, a list of what has been touched or moved at the scene (chain of custody), and a photograph of the scene.
2. Contamination Control
During the initial stages of the scene, officers must try to disturb things as little as possible. This is difficult, especially in a busy situation with multiple people entering and leaving. The officer should keep detailed notes of anyone who enters the scene, and may take their names to limit contamination.
The first officer should also establish a common pathway that everyone will use to move around the crime scene. This path should be clearly marked with yellow crime scene tape or cones to discourage unauthorized personnel from entering the area.